al(oh)3 >

Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is a Bronsted acid, while aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)₃) is a Bronsted base. Let us go into the details about the reaction between HF and Al(OH)_3.

Bạn đang xem: al(oh)3 >

HF is a colorless strong inorganic acid. It can be dissolved in water. HF is used in industries lượt thích electronics, glass etching and fluorescent light bulbs. Al(OH)₃ is an amphoteric white amorphous powder. It is soluble in alkaline and acidic solutions but water-insoluble.

In this article, we will learn more details about the reaction between HF and Al(OH)_3, like the product formed, the balancing method, type of reaction etc.

What is the product of HF and Al(OH)₃?

Aluminium fluoride (AlF₃) and water (H₂O) are formed when aluminium hydroxide reacts with hydrofluoric acid.

 Al(OH)₃+ 3HF ——-> AlF₃ + 3H₂O    

What type of reaction is HF and Al(OH)₃?

HF + Al(OH)₃ is classified as an acid-base reaction (neutralization reaction) since a strong acid neutralizes a strong base lớn produce salt and water.

How lớn balance HF and Al(OH)₃?

The steps lớn balance HF + Al(OH)₃ are as follows –

• The general equation is  HF + Al(OH)₃  = AlF₃ + H₂O.
• Count the number of each element involved in the reaction, in both the sides, i.e., reactant and product sides of the equation.

• The product side is devoid of 2 moles of fluorine, 2 moles of hydrogen atom, and 1 mole of oxygen atom.
• To equalize the number of elements in the reactant and product side, we add 3 moles of HF on the reactant side and 3 moles of water on the product side.
• Therefore, the overall balanced reaction is given by –
• 3HF + Al(OH)₃  = AlF₃ + 3H₂O.

HF + Al(OH)₃ titration

An acid-base titration between hydrofluoric acid and aluminium hydroxide can be performed lớn measure the strength of HF. The procedure for titration is explained below.

Apparatus

Burette, burette holder, pipette, conical flask, beakers, and wash bottle.

Indicator

Phenolphthalein, an acid-base indicator is used lớn detect the over point of the titration.

Procedure

• Aluminium hydroxide solution of known concentration is taken in a burette, while hydrofluoric acid is taken in a conical flask.
• Add 1-2 drops of phenolphthalein indicator into the conical flask.
• Al(OH)₃ is slowly added from the burette into the conical flask with constant shaking until the colorless solution turns light pink.
• The above titration is repeated for 3 concordant readings.
• The strength of HF is calculated using the formula, S_Al(OH)3 V_Al(OH)3 = S_HF V_HF

HF + Al(OH)₃ net ionic equation

The net ionic equation between HF + Al(OH)₃ is –

3H⁺ (aq) + Al(OH)₃ (s)  =  Al³⁺ (aq) +  3H₂O (l)

The following steps are ensured lớn derive the net ionic equation:

• Balance the given molecular equation lớn get –
• 3HF + Al(OH)₃  =  AlF₃ + 3H₂O
• Indicate the ionic size of each of the substances existing in aqueous size and capable of complete dissociation in water. The complete ionic equation of HF + Al(OH)₃ is –
• 3H⁺ (aq) + 3F^– (aq) + Al(OH)₃ (s)  =  Al³⁺ (aq) + 3F^– (aq)  + 3H₂O (l)
• Cancel the spectator ions (3F^–) on both sides of the equation lớn get the net ionic equation.
• 3H⁺ (aq) + Al(OH)₃ (s)  =  Al³⁺ (aq) +  3H₂O (l)

HF + Al(OH)₃ conjugate pairs

• HF and F^– are the conjugate acid-base pairs.
• OH^– and H₂O are the conjugate acid-base pairs.

HF + Al(OH)₃ intermolecular forces

• Hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole interactions exist as intermolecular forces in HF. The latter is more predominant due lớn the presence of highly electronegative fluorine atom.
• London dispersion forces exist in aluminium hydroxide.

HF + Al(OH)₃ reaction enthalpy

Xem thêm: cah2po42 caoh2

HF + Al(OH)₃ standard reaction enthalpy is -250.17 KJ/mol. The values of enthalpy of formation are listed below –

• ∆H_f^°(reaction) = ∆H_f^°(products) – ∆H_f^°(reactants)

= -1816.8 – (-1566.63)

= -250.17 KJ/mol

Is HF + Al(OH)₃ a buffer solution?

HF + Al(OH)₃ is not a buffer solution because HF is a strong acid, and a strong acid is not involved in buffer formation.

Is HF + Al(OH)₃  a complete reaction?

HF + Al(OH)₃ is a complete reaction, as aluminium fluoride formed is completely soluble in water.

Is HF + Al(OH)₃ an exothermic reaction?

HF + Al(OH)₃ is an exothermic reaction, as the reaction enthalpy is negative, and the reaction moves forward due lớn the heat produced.

Is HF + Al(OH)₃ a redox reaction?

The reaction between HF + Al(OH)₃ is not a redox reaction, as the oxidation states of the elements remain the same.

Is HF + Al(OH)₃ a precipitation reaction?

HF + Al(OH)₃ is not a precipitation reaction as AlF₃ formed is completely soluble in water.

Is HF + Al(OH)₃ an irreversible reaction?

HF + Al(OH)₃ is an irreversible reaction because the product, aluminium fluoride formed is water soluble, ví a backward reaction does not occur.

Is HF + Al(OH)₃ a displacement reaction?

The reaction between HF + Al(OH)₃ is an example of a double displacement reaction, because the anions and cations exchange their places lớn size salt and water. 

Conclusion

This article compiles the reaction between HF and Al(OH)_3. Aluminium fluoride formed in this neutralization reaction, is used lớn produce an optical film of low-index, fluoroaluminate glass and as an additive in aluminium manufacturing.

Read more about following HF facts

Xem thêm: kmno4 hcl đặc